{"id":3327,"date":"2026-08-17T09:48:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T01:48:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/?p=3327"},"modified":"2026-08-28T10:20:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T02:20:06","slug":"assessing-the-performance-and-biodegradability-of-sargassum-sp-bioplastics-as-an-alternative-to-conventional-plastics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/?p=3327","title":{"rendered":"Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3327\" class=\"elementor elementor-3327\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c19fab8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7c19fab8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bab6072 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5bab6072\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50b57103 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"50b57103\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<article style=\"font-family:sans-serif; color:#333; line-height:1.6; background:#ffffff;\">\r\n    <h1 style=\"font-size:22px; font-weight:bold; color:#111; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:20px; line-height:1.3;\">Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics<\/h1>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><ul style=\"list-style:none; padding:0; margin:0 0 20px 0;\"><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Muhammad Emir Fayed Mohd Fuaad<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Dzulaikha Khairuddin<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.<br>Watermicropath Research Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam Selangor<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Nasaei Zainuddin<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Art & Design, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam Selangor<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">DOI:<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9<\/a><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">Keywords:<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px;\">Bioplastics, Sargassum sp, sustainable materials, biodegradability, ecofriendly<\/div><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">Abstract<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px; text-align:justify; color:#333; line-height:1.6;\">The increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional plastics have driven the search for sustainable alternatives. This study explores the potential of Sargassum sp., a brown seaweed as a raw material for bioplastic production. Sargassum sp. is abundant in west ocean in Malaysia, renewable and often considered a waste material in coastal areas, making it an attractive candidate for sustainable applications. The research focuses on assessing the performance and environmental impact of bioplastics derived from Sargassum sp. compared to conventional petroleum based plastics. The methodology includes the collection and preparation of Sargassum sp. samples, bioplastics synthesis through extraction and formulation techniques and evaluation of mechanical, thermal, and physical properties. Additionally, a comprehensive environmental impact assessment is conducted using an emphasizing biodegradability. The performance of Sargassum sp. bioplastics is benchmarked against standard plastics to determine their suitability for practical applications. The bioplastic samples also endured longer loading durations (up to 468.0 seconds), indicating better strain endurance compared to synthetic plastic, which failed as early as 216.0 seconds. This highlights the superior mechanical performance of the bioplastic. The bioplastic exhibited excellent biodegradability, fully decomposing within 28 days in soil, but showed extremely high water absorption exceeding 1000%, attributed to the hydrophilic nature of alginate. This research highlights the potential of utilizing marine biomass to address plastic pollution while promoting sustainable material development. The outcomes aim to contribute to the advancement of eco-friendly alternatives towards reducing reliance on conventional plastics.<\/div><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:10px; color:#222;\">References<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px; color:#333; background:#ffffff; padding:0; text-align:justify;\">\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Abka\u2010khajouei, R., Tounsi, L., Shahabi, N., Patel, A. K., Abdelkafi, S., & Michaud, P. (2022). Structures, properties and applications of alginates. 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Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 17, 899\u2013917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5219\/1908<\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/section>\r\n<\/article>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64d1b24a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"64d1b24a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c462319 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"7c462319\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<aside style=\"font-family:sans-serif; color:#333; line-height:1.6; background:#ffffff;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/JSCET_W_000033.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; gap:8px; width:100%; text-align:center; background:#ffffff; color:#800080; border:2px solid #800080; padding:10px 0; text-decoration:none; border-radius:4px; font-weight:bold; font-size:14px; margin-bottom:20px; box-sizing:border-box;\">\r\n        <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#800080\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"><\/path><polyline points=\"7 10 12 15 17 10\"><\/polyline><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"15\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"3\"><\/line><\/svg>\r\n        PDF \/ DOWNLOAD\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Published<\/strong><div>31-03-2026<\/div><\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Issue<\/strong><div>Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): JSCET March Issue 1<\/div><\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Section<\/strong><div>Articles<\/div><\/div>\r\n    \r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\">\r\n        <strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase; margin-bottom:6px;\">How to Cite<\/strong>\r\n        \r\n        <div id=\"jscet_citation_box\" style=\"margin-bottom:10px; font-size:14px; line-height:1.5; color:#222; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere; text-align:justify;\">\r\n            <div id=\"cite_APA\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:block;\">Fuaad, M. E. F. M., et al. (2026). Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, 5(1), 100-107. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_ACM\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">M. E. F. M. Fuaad, D. Khairuddin, N. Zainuddin. 2026. Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>. 5, 1 (2026), 100-107. DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_ABNT\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">FUAAD, M. E. F. M.; KHAIRUDDIN, D.; ZAINUDDIN, N.. Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics. <b>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/b>, v. 5, n. 1, p. 100-107, 2026.<\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_Chicago\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Fuaad, M. E. F. M., et al.. \"Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics.\" <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i> 5, no. 1 (2026): 100-107. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_Harvard\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Fuaad, M. E. F. M., et al., 2026. Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, 5(1), pp.100-107.<\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_IEEE\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">M. E. F. M. Fuaad, D. Khairuddin, N. Zainuddin, \"Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics,\" <i>J. Sust. Civ. Eng. Tech.<\/i>, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 100-107, 2026. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.9<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_MLA\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Fuaad, Muhammad Emir Fayed Mohd, et al.. \"Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics.\" <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, vol. 5, no. 1, 2026, pp. 100-107.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <div style=\"border:1px solid #ddd; border-radius:4px; background:#ffffff; overflow:hidden;\">\r\n            <div style=\"padding:8px 12px; font-weight:bold; font-size:12px; color:#555; background:#f8f9fa; border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;\">More Citation Formats<\/div>\r\n            <div style=\"padding:6px 0;\">\r\n                <select onchange=\"(function(e){var items=document.querySelectorAll('.jscet-cite-item');for(var i=0;i<items.length;i++){items[i].style.display='none';}var selected=document.getElementById('cite_'+e.value);if(selected){selected.style.display='block';}})(this)\" style=\"width:92%; margin:4px 4%; padding:6px; font-size:13px; border:1px solid #ccc; border-radius:3px;\">\r\n                    <option value=\"APA\" selected>APA (Default)<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"ACM\">ACM<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"ABNT\">ABNT<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"Chicago\">Chicago<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"Harvard\">Harvard<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"IEEE\">IEEE<\/option>\r\n                    <option value=\"MLA\">MLA<\/option>\r\n                <\/select>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <div style=\"border-top:1px solid #eee; padding:8px 12px; background:#fafafa;\">\r\n                <div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:11px; color:#777; text-transform:uppercase; margin-bottom:6px;\">Download Citation<\/div>\r\n                <div style=\"display:flex; flex-direction:column; gap:4px; font-size:13px;\">\r\n                    <a href=\"data:text\/plain;charset=utf-8,TY%20%20-%20JOUR%0ATI%20%20-%20Assessing%20the%20Performance%20and%20Biodegradability%20of%20Sargassum%20sp.%20Bioplastics%20as%20an%20Alternative%20to%20Conventional%20Plastics%0AJO%20%20-%20Journal%20of%20Sustainable%20Civil%20Engineering%20and%20Technology%0APY%20%20-%202026%0AVL%20%20-%205%0AIS%20%20-%201%0ASP%20%20-%20100-107%0ADO%20%20-%20https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24191%2Fjscet.v5i1.9%0AER%20%20-\" download=\"citation.ris\" style=\"color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none;\">\ud83d\udce5 EndNote \/ Zotero \/ Mendeley (RIS)<\/a>\r\n                    <a href=\"data:text\/plain;charset=utf-8,%40article%7Bjscet_2026%2C%0A%20%20title%3D%7BAssessing%20the%20Performance%20and%20Biodegradability%20of%20Sargassum%20sp.%20Bioplastics%20as%20an%20Alternative%20to%20Conventional%20Plastics%7D%2C%0A%20%20author%3D%7BMuhammad%20Emir%20Fayed%20Mohd%20Fuaad%20and%20Dzulaikha%20Khairuddin%20and%20Nasaei%20Zainuddin%7D%2C%0A%20%20journal%3D%7BJournal%20of%20Sustainable%20Civil%20Engineering%20and%20Technology%7D%2C%0A%20%20volume%3D%7B5%7D%2C%0A%20%20number%3D%7B1%7D%2C%0A%20%20pages%3D%7B100-107%7D%2C%0A%20%20year%3D%7B2026%7D%2C%0A%20%20doi%3D%7Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24191%2Fjscet.v5i1.9%7D%0A%7D\" download=\"citation.bib\" style=\"color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none;\">\ud83d\udce5 BibTeX<\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/aside>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Assessing the Performance and Biodegradability of Sargassum sp. Bioplastics as an Alternative to Conventional Plastics Muhammad Emir Fayed Mohd FuaadFaculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Dzulaikha KhairuddinFaculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.Watermicropath Research Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam Selangor Nasaei ZainuddinFaculty [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-volume-5-issue-1"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3327"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4246,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3327\/revisions\/4246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3327"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3327"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}