{"id":3331,"date":"2026-08-17T09:48:32","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T01:48:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/?p=3331"},"modified":"2026-08-28T10:20:51","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T02:20:51","slug":"physical-properties-of-asphalt-binder-modified-using-plastic-waste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/?p=3331","title":{"rendered":"Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3331\" class=\"elementor elementor-3331\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13020b1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"13020b1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29c6bb26 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29c6bb26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dfd1ff7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"4dfd1ff7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<article style=\"font-family:sans-serif; color:#333; line-height:1.6; background:#ffffff;\">\r\n    <h1 style=\"font-size:22px; font-weight:bold; color:#111; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:20px; line-height:1.3;\">Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste<\/h1>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><ul style=\"list-style:none; padding:0; margin:0 0 20px 0;\"><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Faradillah Ahmad<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Rosmawati Mamat<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Nurul Najihah Mad Rosni<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Ekarizan Shaffie<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<br>Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management (IIESM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Noor Azreena Kamaluddin<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px; font-weight:bold; color:#800080;\">Wardati Hashim<\/span><span style=\"display:block; font-size:14px; color:#666;\">Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">DOI:<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018<\/a><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">Keywords:<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px;\">Low Density Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Plastic Waste, Rheological Properties, Sustainability<\/div><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:5px; color:#222;\">Abstract<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px; text-align:justify; color:#333; line-height:1.6;\">The issue of managing plastic waste has become a serious global concern, driving researchers to explore practical and sustainable recycling alternatives. One promising approach is incorporating plastic waste into asphalt binders for road construction. This study aims to evaluate the physical characteristics of asphalt binders modified with plastic waste polymers, specifically Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Polystyrene (PS), to enhance pavement performance while supporting environmental sustainability. In this research, different proportions of plastic waste (2%, 6%, and 10%) were blended with conventional 60\/70 penetration grade bitumen using the wet mixing method. The modified binders were then tested for penetration and softening point according to Malaysian Standard (MS 124). The results showed that plastic modification reduced penetration values and increased softening points, indicating higher stiffness and improved resistance to high temperatures. Among the modifiers, LDPE exhibited the most significant improvement, while the PS+LDPE blend provided a balanced performance between flexibility and strength. These findings align with previous studies which reported that polymer-modified bitumen improves thermal stability and rutting resistance. Overall, the study demonstrates that the use of plastic waste as a bitumen modifier enhances the performance of asphalt binder and contributes to more sustainable road pavement development.<\/div><\/section>\r\n    <section style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><div style=\"font-weight:bold; font-size:16px; margin-bottom:10px; color:#222;\">References<\/div><div style=\"font-size:14px; color:#333; background:#ffffff; padding:0; text-align:justify;\">\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Airey, G. D. (2003). Rheological properties of styrene butadiene styrene polymer modified road bitumens. Fuel, 82(14), 1709\u20131719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0016-2361(03)00146-7<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Aldaihan, N. A., Al-Mutairi, N. S., & Al-Zahrani, M. M. (2021). Use of recycled plastic waste in modified bitumen: Physical, chemical and rheological properties. Sustainability, 13(3), Article 1303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13031303<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Department of Standards Malaysia. (2014). MS 124: Petroleum bitumen for road works\u2014Specification (2nd rev.). Standards Malaysia.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Jassim, A. M., Al-Attar, M., & Al-Hadithi, A. I. (2020). Properties of bituminous binders modified with plastic wastes. Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 551\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.04.117<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Lu, X., & Isacsson, U. (2000). Modification of road bitumens with thermoplastic polymers. Polymer Testing, 20(1), 77\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0142-9418(00)00021-3<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Nizami, M., Qadir, A., & Zain ul Abdin. (2021). Evaluation of polymer-modified asphalt binders using conventional and rheological tests. Materials Today: Proceedings, 51(1), 1676\u20131682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.05.523<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Polacco, G., Filippi, S., Merusi, F., & Stastna, J. (2006). A review of the fundamentals of polymer-modified asphalts: Asphalt\/polymer interactions and principles of compatibility. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 299(1), 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2006.01.051<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Yao, H., You, Z., Li, L., Lee, C. H., Wingard, D., Yap, Y. K., Shi, X., & Goh, S. W. (2014). Performance of asphalt binder modified with waste plastic. Construction and Building Materials, 52, 486\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.019<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; text-indent:-2.5em; padding-left:2.5em; line-height:1.6; text-align:justify; font-size:14px; color:#333; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">Yaseen, M., Ahmed, S., & Tariq, M. (2022). Performance of bituminous mixtures containing plastic waste: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 341, Article 130725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.130725<\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/section>\r\n<\/article>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3623c8b2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3623c8b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9556f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f9556f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<aside style=\"font-family:sans-serif; color:#333; line-height:1.6; background:#ffffff;\">\r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/joscetech.uitm.edu.my\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11.-JSCET_G_000018.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; gap:8px; width:100%; text-align:center; background:#ffffff; color:#800080; border:2px solid #800080; padding:10px 0; text-decoration:none; border-radius:4px; font-weight:bold; font-size:14px; margin-bottom:20px; box-sizing:border-box;\">\r\n        <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#800080\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"><\/path><polyline points=\"7 10 12 15 17 10\"><\/polyline><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"15\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"3\"><\/line><\/svg>\r\n        PDF \/ DOWNLOAD\r\n    <\/a>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Published<\/strong><div>31-03-2026<\/div><\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Issue<\/strong><div>Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): JSCET March Issue 1<\/div><\/div>\r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\"><strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase;\">Section<\/strong><div>Articles<\/div><\/div>\r\n    \r\n    <div style=\"margin-bottom:15px; font-size:14px;\">\r\n        <strong style=\"display:block; font-size:12px; color:#888; text-transform:uppercase; margin-bottom:6px;\">How to Cite<\/strong>\r\n        \r\n        <div id=\"jscet_citation_box\" style=\"margin-bottom:10px; font-size:14px; line-height:1.5; color:#222; word-break:break-word; overflow-wrap:anywhere; text-align:justify;\">\r\n            <div id=\"cite_APA\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:block;\">Ahmad, F., et al. (2026). Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, 5(1), 125-133. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_ACM\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">F. Ahmad, R. Mamat, N. N. M. Rosni, E. Shaffie, N. A. Kamaluddin, W. Hashim. 2026. Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>. 5, 1 (2026), 125-133. DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_ABNT\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">AHMAD, F.; MAMAT, R.; ROSNI, N. N. M.; SHAFFIE, E.; KAMALUDDIN, N. A.; HASHIM, W.. Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste. <b>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/b>, v. 5, n. 1, p. 125-133, 2026.<\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_Chicago\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Ahmad, F., et al.. \"Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste.\" <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i> 5, no. 1 (2026): 125-133. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_Harvard\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Ahmad, F., et al., 2026. Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste. <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, 5(1), pp.125-133.<\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_IEEE\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">F. Ahmad, R. Mamat, N. N. M. Rosni, E. Shaffie, N. A. Kamaluddin, W. Hashim, \"Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste,\" <i>J. Sust. Civ. Eng. Tech.<\/i>, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 125-133, 2026. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size:14px; color:#0066cc; text-decoration:none; word-break:break-all; overflow-wrap:anywhere;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24191\/jscet.v5i1.JSCET_G_000018<\/a><\/div>\r\n            <div id=\"cite_MLA\" class=\"jscet-cite-item\" style=\"display:none;\">Ahmad, Faradillah, et al.. \"Physical Properties Of Asphalt Binder Modified Using Plastic Waste.\" <i>Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology<\/i>, vol. 5, no. 1, 2026, pp. 125-133.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <div style=\"border:1px solid #ddd; border-radius:4px; background:#ffffff; overflow:hidden;\">\r\n            <div style=\"padding:8px 12px; font-weight:bold; font-size:12px; color:#555; background:#f8f9fa; border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;\">More Citation Formats<\/div>\r\n            <div style=\"padding:6px 0;\">\r\n                <select onchange=\"(function(e){var items=document.querySelectorAll('.jscet-cite-item');for(var i=0;i<items.length;i++){items[i].style.display='none';}var selected=document.getElementById('cite_'+e.value);if(selected){selected.style.display='block';}})(this)\" style=\"width:92%; 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